Технология получения и физико-химические характеристики карбонизата лузги подсолнечника в качестве функциональной технологической добавки резинотехнических изделий

А.К. Кайайдарова; В.В. Боброва; Ф.П. Погоров; С.В. Нечипуренко; Н.А. Забара; А.В. Касперович; С.А. Ефремов; С.Н. Лежнев; Б.Б. Ермухамбетова; М.М. Буркитбаев

doi:10.15328/cb2026_151

Authors

A.K. Kaiaydarova Al-Farabi Kazakh National University https://orcid.org/0009-0002-3982-2805 (unauthenticated)
V.V. Bobrova Belarusian State Technological University https://orcid.org/0009-0005-7417-194X (unauthenticated)
F.P. Pogorov Al-Farabi Kazakh National University https://orcid.org/0009-0006-8652-3508 (unauthenticated)
S.V. Nechipurenko Al-Farabi Kazakh National University https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7463-1679 (unauthenticated)
N.A. Zabara Al-Farabi Kazakh National University https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1346-7190 (unauthenticated)
A.V. Kasperovich Belarusian State Technological University https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4403-6235 (unauthenticated)
S.A. Efremov Al-Farabi Kazakh National University https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3542-4140 (unauthenticated)
S.N. Lezhnev Rudny Industrial University https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1737-9825 (unauthenticated)
B.B. Yermukhambetova Al-Farabi Kazakh National University https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4950-0367 (unauthenticated)
M.M. Burkitbayev Al-Farabi Kazakh National University https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1472-1293 (unauthenticated)

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.15328/cb2026_151

Keywords:

agricultural waste, sunflower husk, biocomposites, pyrolysis, plant waste utilization, zero-waste production, functional technological additives

Abstract

The possibility of processing sunflower husk into a carbon-containing material carbonizate was investigated. This material is considered promising for use as a functional technological additive in the production of rubber technical products. The carbonizate was obtained by thermal conversion of sunflower husk in an inert atmosphere, followed by evaluation of its composition and physicochemical characteristics. TGA showed that the main thermal decomposition processes of biomass components occur in the temperature range of 200–550 °C, which determines the choice of the carbonization temperature regime. GC analysis of the pyrolysis products revealed the formation of gas, liquid, and solid fractions. The gaseous products contained energy-rich components, including H₂, CO, CH₄, and light hydrocarbons; their higher heating value was 14.27 MJ/Nm³. The liquid fraction consisted mainly of oxygen-containing and aromatic compounds, with a heating value of 13.71 MJ/kg. The obtained carbonizate was characterized by a carbon content of 48.12 wt.%, low ash content of 3.5 wt.%, an alkaline surface character (pH = 9), a specific surface area of 27.3 m²/g, and a moderate degree of micropore development. The average particle size after grinding was 18.89 μm, which meets the requirements for dispersed fillers. In addition, a pilot-scale biomass carbonization technology with a processing capacity of at least 150 kg/h was developed, confirming the feasibility of scaling up the process.

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